Daga Coletta Wanjohi

Halin da ake ciki a Sudan na yaƙi da aka daɗe ana fama da shi abu ne mai muni da ya jefa mutane cikin mummunan yanayi da rashin tabbas.

Abin da ya fara faruwa a watan Afrilun 2023 a matsayin yaƙi tsakanin rundunar sojin Sudan ƙarƙashin Janar Abdel Fattah al-Burhan da rundunar sa kai ta Janar Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo ta jawo mace-mace da ɓarna da raba mutane da muhallansu, lamarin da ke taɓarɓarewa a kowace rana.

A yayin da ake ci gaba da yin tashe-tashen hankula, yunkurin da kasashen duniya ke yi na samar da zaman lafiya bai yi nasara ba, lamarin da ke barazana ga zaman lafiya a yankin kusurwar Afirka baki daya.

Wani kyakyawan fata shi ne taron ƙolin Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Afirka da zai gudana tsakanin 15 zuwa 16 ga watan Fabrairu a Addis Ababa babban birnin kasar Habasha, wanda ya ba da fifiko kan halin da ake ciki a Sudan bayan tantance hakikanin gaskiya.

Kwamishinan harkokin siyasa, zaman lafiya da tsaro na Tarayyar Afirka Bankole Adeoye, ya bayyana a ranar Talata yayin wani taron tattaunawa kan kasa ta uku mafi girma a nahiyar Afirka, inda ya ce "Sudan na daya daga cikin kasashen da suka kafa kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka, kuma a matsayinmu na kungiya muna ba da himma wajen ganin mun shawo kan rikicin da ake fama da shi."

Sashen kula da gwamnatocin Afirka, wanda ya shirya taron a Addis Ababa, wani sashe ne na AU da aka ɗora wa ragamar inganta shugabanci nagari.

Ƙaƙaba takunkumai

Yayin da Sudan ba za ta halarci taron kolin da ke tafe ba - an dakatar da kasar daga kungiyar a watan Yunin 2019 saboda gazawarta na kafa gwamnatin riƙon ƙwarya karkashin jagorancin farar hula bayan juyin mulkin da aka yi a baya - dole ne a wajen taron a hedkwatar AU za a kambama batun irin wahalhalun da fararen hular ke fuskanta.

“Ana yawan tambaya game da tasirin takunkumin da kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka ke sakawa saboda tashe-tashen hankula da ake ci gaba da yi da take hakkin dan'adam a fadin nahiyar.

An fara yaƙin ne tsakanin rundunar sojin Sudan ƙarƙashin Janar Abdel Fattah al-Burhan da rundunar sa kai ta Janar Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo. Hoto: Others

Batu na farko shi ne rashin aiwatar da doka,” kamar yadda Nuur Mohamud Sheekh, wani manazarci kuma tsohon mai magana da yawun kungiyar raya kasashe masu tasowa (IGAD), ya shaida wa TRT Afrika.

Sheikh ya yi iƙirarin cewa AU dole ne ta kafa wata ƙungiyar tilastawa da ke da ikon sa ido kan bin ka'ida da kuma zartar da hukunci idan ƙasashe suka sabawa dokokin da aka saka musu.

"Tattaunawa da diflomasiyya su ne hanyoyin da aka fi so don magance rikice-rikice cikin lumana saboda tasirin takunkumin ya fi daukar hankalin 'yan kasashen da aka sanya wa hannu," in ji shi.

Ba yaƙin Sudan ba ne kawai

"Yan siyasa sun rabu sosai, amma dole ne mu dakatar da yakin Sudan saboda ya shafe mu duka. Sudan ta Kudu, Habasha, Masar, da Chadi suna karbar bakuncin dubban 'yan gudun hijira.

Yaki a Sudan shi ma yaki ne a yankin kusurwar Afirka," in ji Adeoye. Idan aka dade ana takun sakar siyasa, kuma ana ci gaba da gwabzawa, matsalar Sudan na iya yin muni fiye da yadda za a iya gyarawa.

Wilson Almedia Adao, shugaban kwamitin kwararru na Afirka kan 'yanci da walwala da jin dadin yara ya ce "yawan mutanen da suka rasa matsugunansu ya karu da kashi 27% a cikin 2024 - daga miliyan tara zuwa miliyan 11.5, inda yara ne sama da kashi 53% na mutanen da suka rasa matsugunansu."

Kokarin sasantawa ya ci tura

Dr Mohamed Ibn Chambas, shugaban kwamitin koli na kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka kan Sudan, ya yi imanin cewa akwai bukatar nahiyar ta farfaɗo da gaskiyar cewa tana fuskantar "mafi munin rikicin jinƙai a duniya".

Kididdiga ta tabbatar da bayanin. Hukumar kula da ƙaura ta duniya ta yi kiyasin cewa ya zuwa watan Oktoban 2024, kusan kashi 30% na al'ummar Sudan sun yi hijira. Bisa alkaluma daban-daban, an kashe fararen hula sama da 150,000.

"Kokarin warware rikicin bai haifar da sakamako ba tukuna, amma a kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka, mun dage wajen kawo karshen rikicin," in ji Dr Chambas.

Kwamitin AU na Sudan ya hada da Dr Specioza Wandira-Kazibwe, tsohuwar mataimakin shugaban kasar Uganda, da Francisco Madeira, tsohon wakilin musamman na shugaban kungiyar a Somaliya.

Kwamitin wanda shugaban kungiyar AU Moussa Faki Mahamat ya kafa, ya fara aikin ne a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2024.

Kungiyar ta AU ta ci gaba da cewa, tattaunawa ta siyasa tsakanin Sudan ce kawai za ta kawo karshen yakin, ba ta hanyar soja ba.

Ana kallon yakin Sudan a matsayin mafi girman rikicin gudun hijira a duniya. Hoto / Reuters

Dokta Chambas ya yi bayanin cewa, "Kokarin shiga tsakani na kungiyar AU na da taswirar yadda za a warware rikicin Sudan, wanda ke neman mallakar Sudan da kuma shugabanci."

Miguel Ntutumu Evuna Andeme, wakilin dindindin na Jamhuriyar Equatorial Guinea kuma shugaban kwamitin sulhu da zaman lafiya, ya ce hana tashe-tashen hankula da inganta shugabanci na gari "yana bukatar sauyi a tunani da zurfafa tambayoyi kan inda muka yi kuskure".

A lokacin da shugabannin kasashen Afirka da na gwamnatocin suka hadu a karshen mako a Addis Ababa, matakin da suka dauka zai iya tabbatar da yadda Sudan za ta ga haske.